See bethen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "beath"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"beþian",
"beþian#Old_English"
],
[
"beþþan",
"beþþan#Old_English"
],
[
"*baþþjan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/baþþjan"
],
[
"*baþjaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/baþjaną"
],
[
"bath",
"bath#Middle_English"
],
[
"bathen",
"bathen#Middle_English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "beþian",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English beþian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "beþian"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English beþian",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*baþþjan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *baþþjan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*baþjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *baþjaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English beþian, beþþan, from Proto-West Germanic *baþþjan, from Proto-Germanic *baþjaną; compare bath (“bath”) and bathen (“to bathe”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "betheth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bethende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bethynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bethed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bethen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to bethen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bethede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bethest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bethedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "betheth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bethede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bethede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bethen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "betheden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bethede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "betheth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bethynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bethende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ybethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "beðen",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "beþien",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "bethen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "beth"
},
"expansion": "bethen (third-person singular simple present betheth, present participle bethende, bethynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle bethed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "beth",
"inf2": "0"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Early Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "64 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "57 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Bathing",
"orig": "enm:Bathing",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To bathe; to immerse oneself in water."
],
"id": "en-bethen-enm-verb-MIpVfKHT",
"links": [
[
"bathe",
"bathe"
],
[
"immerse",
"immerse"
],
[
"water",
"water"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly Early Middle English) To bathe; to immerse oneself in water."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bathen"
}
],
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To immerse wood in a heated bath to soften it."
],
"id": "en-bethen-enm-verb-EqBhZqSg",
"links": [
[
"immerse",
"immerse"
],
[
"bath",
"bath"
],
[
"soften",
"soften"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To immerse wood in a heated bath to soften it."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛðən/",
"note": "unlengthened"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛ̞ːðən/"
}
],
"word": "bethen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Bathing"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "beath"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"beþian",
"beþian#Old_English"
],
[
"beþþan",
"beþþan#Old_English"
],
[
"*baþþjan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/baþþjan"
],
[
"*baþjaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/baþjaną"
],
[
"bath",
"bath#Middle_English"
],
[
"bathen",
"bathen#Middle_English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "beþian",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English beþian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "beþian"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English beþian",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*baþþjan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *baþþjan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*baþjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *baþjaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English beþian, beþþan, from Proto-West Germanic *baþþjan, from Proto-Germanic *baþjaną; compare bath (“bath”) and bathen (“to bathe”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "betheth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bethende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bethynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bethed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bethen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to bethen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bethede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bethest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bethedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "betheth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bethede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bethede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bethen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "betheden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bethede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "betheth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bethynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bethende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ybethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "beðen",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "beþien",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "bethen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "beth"
},
"expansion": "bethen (third-person singular simple present betheth, present participle bethende, bethynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle bethed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "beth",
"inf2": "0"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Early Middle English"
],
"glosses": [
"To bathe; to immerse oneself in water."
],
"links": [
[
"bathe",
"bathe"
],
[
"immerse",
"immerse"
],
[
"water",
"water"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly Early Middle English) To bathe; to immerse oneself in water."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bathen"
}
],
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To immerse wood in a heated bath to soften it."
],
"links": [
[
"immerse",
"immerse"
],
[
"bath",
"bath"
],
[
"soften",
"soften"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To immerse wood in a heated bath to soften it."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛðən/",
"note": "unlengthened"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛ̞ːðən/"
}
],
"word": "bethen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bethen meaning in Middle English (5.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.